English 3033                                                                                                                 Mercer                                                                                                                                                                               

Terms for Analysis of Drama

 

"The Nature of Drama"

drama

advantages and limitations of drama's being performed

(1) through actors

(2) on a stage

(3) before an audience

playwright (know correct spelling)

dramatic or objective point of view

[monologue, dialogue]

soliloquy

aside

 

script  = dialogue + stage directions

theatrical cuts

stage properties (props)

 

"Realistic and Nonrealistic Drama"

realistic drama                         

nonrealistic drama

 

[theatre of the absurd]

[existentialism]

 

mode of production or presentation; outer appearances

"temporary suspension of disbelief"

 

dramatic conventions

[stage setting / set]

[stage properties / props]         

 

picture-frame stage

[proscenium arch]

arena theatre

[thrust stage]

 

Tragedy (from “Tragedy and Comedy”)

[Dionysus]

 

Aristotle's Poetics

Aristotle's definition of tragedy

 

tragic hero

noble stature / [nobility]

hamartia

criminal act

[mistake or error in judgment]

moral weakness, character flaw ("tragic flaw") [not overtly mentioned in Aristotle]

excess of virtue [not overtly mentioned in Aristotle]

fall from happiness to misery

 

plot of tragedy

[unities of time and place: not mentioned in Aristotle]

unity of action

organic unity (cause and effect) / probability

reversal

discovery / [recognition]

[suffering beyond what tragic hero deserves]

 

tragedy vs. pathos

tragic vs. pathetic

 

effect of tragedy on audience: catharsis of pity and fear

                                                                             

Comedy (from “Tragedy and Comedy”)

tragedy vs. comedy

human greatness vs. weakness, folly

lofty characters vs. sympathetic or ridiculous characters

unique individual vs. society, social conformity

plausible plot (logical cause and effect) vs. implausible plot, sometimes farcical plot

miserable ending vs. happy ending (conventional comic ending)

 

scornful / laughing / critical / satiric comedy

smiling / romantic comedy

 

organic unity (not found in plot of comedy)

plausibility (not found in plot of comedy)

deus ex machina

 

melodrama

farce

 

[Shakespearean Play Production]

NOT FOUND in Globe Theatre                                   FOUND in Globe Theatre

Actresses                                                                     Male (often boy) actors playing women=s roles

Theatre manager, play director                          Actor-sharers who owned and ran company, played major roles

Roof over entire theatre                                                Unroofed yard, where Agroundlings@ stood Seats for all playgoers                                                            Seats for those in covered galleries 

Artificial lighting; evening performances              Daylight; afternoon performances

Curtained main stage                                                     Uncurtained main stage;

                                                                                    small curtained inner stage

Stage behind proscenium arch;                          Thrust stage;

action behind “frame”                                                    action close to audience

Painted, changeable background scenery                       Permanent background of Atiring house@

Costumes historically accurate for play=s setting Elaborate, expensive costumes in Amodern dress@ or mixture of historical periods

 

Othello

Early Modern English

blank verse = unrhymed iambic pentameter

rhymed couplets

prose

Exeunt

 

subtitle: The Moor of Venice

            Moor

            Venice

domestic tragedy

“double time”

 

motivation

Iago’s stated motivations (find them in play)

Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s comment on Iago’s stated motivations: “the motive-hunting of motiveless malignity”

 

dramatic irony  

character foil

 

cuckold

 

Othello

Desdemona

Brabantio

Iago

Emilia

Cassio

Roderigo

Bianca