Aspect | Direct Object Agreement | Indirect Object Agreement | Mood | Negation | Tense
| Case |
Suffix |
Usage |
| Indicative |
- |
The Indicative mood is used for statements. |
| Interrogative |
sar |
The Interrogative mood is used to ask questions. |
| Imperative |
par |
The Imperative mood is used to issue commands. |
| Jussive |
lar |
The Jussive mood is used to give weak commands or strong
suggestions; its meaning is best expressed in English by use of
'should' or 'ought to'. |
| Jussive+Interrogative |
slar |
The Jussive+Interrogative mood is used to ask for direction
or guidance. |
| Jussive+Emphatic/Fatal |
klar |
The Jussive+Emphatic/Fatal mood is used to express the
urgency of an action. |
| Permissive |
tar |
The Permissive mood is used to show that an action is
permitted; its meaning is best expressed in English by the use of 'may'
or 'allowed to'. |
| Permissive+Interrogative |
star |
The Permissive+Interrogative mood is used to ask permission. |
| Optative |
mar |
The Optative mood is used to express a wish or desire. |
| Dubitative |
war |
The Dubitative mood is used to express uncertainty. |
| Dubitative+Emphatic/Fatal |
kwar |
The Dubitative+Emphatic/Fatal mood is used to express sarcasm. |
| Emphatic/Fatal |
kar |
The Emphatic/Fatal mood is used to indicate certainty. |
| Past |
Present |
Future |
||||||||||
| Singular |
Plural |
Singular |
Plural |
Singular |
Plural |
|||||||
| M |
F |
N |
- |
M |
F |
N |
- |
M |
F |
N |
- |
|
| 1st Person |
-o |
-on |
-is |
-in |
-üs |
-ün |
||||||
| 2nd Person |
-os |
-ont |
-ist |
-int |
-üst |
-ünt |
||||||
| 3rd Person |
-om | -omü | -omo |
-omon |
-isåj | -isü | -iso |
-ison |
-üsåj | -üsü | -üso |
-üson |
| Aspect |
Suffix |
| Simple |
- |
| Progressive |
-a |
| Passive |
-an |
| Perfect |
-ar |
| Perfect Progressive |
-ara |
| Perfect Passive |
-arn |
| Perfect Passive Progressive |
-arna |
| Singular |
Dual |
Plural |
Group |
|||
| M |
F |
N |
- |
- |
- |
|
| 1st Person |
-las |
-lak |
-lan |
-laf |
||
| 2nd Person |
-last |
-lakt |
-lant |
-laft |
||
| 3rd Person |
-lasåj |
-lasü |
-laso |
-lakko |
-lanno |
-laffo |
| Singular |
Dual |
Plural |
Group |
|||
| M |
F |
N |
- |
- |
- |
|
| 1st Person |
-ras |
-rak |
-ran |
-raf |
||
| 2nd Person |
-rast |
-rakt |
-rant |
-raft |
||
| 3rd Person |
-rasåj |
-rasü |
-raso |
-rakko |
-ranno |
-raffo |